Each state should satisfy at least the requirements from federal government’s energy standard, which is in gerneral International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). CA has a 2016 Building Energy Efficiency Standards Title 24, Part 6, which exceeds the performance of 2015 IECC.
The newly updated APPENDIX RA SOLAR-READY PROVISIONS—DETACHED ONE- AND TWOFAMILY DWELLINGS, MULTIPLE SINGLE-FAMILY DWELLINGS (TOWNHOUSES) has solar ready requirements.
CA requires PV installation on the new construction and solar ready for those who are exempt from the PV installation. In Seattle, 2017 residential code is the one. Solar ready for residential is in residential code while for commercial, solar ready requirments is in enery code, not building code. For reference, single family and low rise multifamily is related to residential code (a kind of building code only for residential) otherwise, building code. Electrical permit, which is related to the electrical code from NEC, is required after solar PV is installed.
The California Energy Code, part 6 of the California Building Standards Code which is title 24 of the California Code of Regulations, also titled The Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings, were created by the California Building Standards Commission in 1978 in response to a legislative mandate to reduce California’s energy consumption. The standards are updated periodically by the California Energy Commission to allow consideration and possible incorporation of new energy efficiency technologies and methods. The California Energy Code (CEC) contains energy conservation standards applicable to most residential and nonresidential buildings throughout California, including schools. - solar ready, residential compliance manual.
There are 3 different kinds of building codes: private sector, federal sector, and international. The private sector codes are associated with state and local jurisdiction. States and local jurisdictions have different energy codes that they follow based on climate, geography, and many other contributing factors. The two primary baseline codes for the private sector are the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and the ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1 energy standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential Buildings (ASHRAE 90.1).[4] States and local governments adopt and enforce these energy codes. The standards are published by national organizations such as ASHRAE. The International Code Council (ICC) develops the codes and standards used to construct residential and commercial buildings, including homes and schools.[5] Within the ICC is the IECC which is a subset of the ICC. The IECC is a model energy code, but it is written in mandatory, enforceable language, so that state and local jurisdictions can easily adopt the model as their energy code.[6] The IECC references several ASHRAE Standards, in particular the ASHRAE 90.1 for commercial building construction.
Roof slope: OSHA defines a low-slope roof as a roof having a slope of less than or equal to 4 inches of vertical rise for every 12 inches horizontal length (4:12) (1926.500(b)—definitions). This is important because the OSHA definition is used as a basis for implementing low-slope fall-protection measures, such as warningline systems and safety monitors.
Ladder: angle 75 degree, one-quarter the working length of the ladder (a 1:4 ratio) (29 CFR 1926.1053(b)(5)(i)). 3 rungs (1 ft apart) above the roof, The side rails of the ladder generally must extend at least 3 feet above the upper landing surface that the worker is trying to access (29 CFR 1926.1053(b)(1)).
Anchor: OSHA standard regarding anchorages can be found in 29 CFR 1926.502(d)(15)
Top 3 risks are related to solar installation on the roof
to work easy - fallnot to be slippery - fallnot to be interrupted - trip, complexityto reduce the scope - complexityto be efficient - fallenough space for easier access - fallfallelectric shock, complexity##
## Call:
## lm(formula = sol_instl ~ hu_med_val + hu_ex_1000, data = regr[-c(1)])
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -8.4964 -1.8188 -0.4623 1.1230 16.2559
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) -1.984e+00 8.119e-01 -2.444 0.0159 *
## hu_med_val 3.905e-06 1.954e-06 1.998 0.0478 *
## hu_ex_1000 1.768e+01 1.594e+00 11.094 <2e-16 ***
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.875 on 128 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6136, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6076
## F-statistic: 101.6 on 2 and 128 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
OLS residual mapping
Residual mapping for GWR
Impact of housing median value
impact of housing cost over $1k/ month
Solar installation hotspot
Solar installation outlier
## Parallel analysis suggests that the number of factors = 3 and the number of components = NA
## [1] 131 3
##
## Call:
## lm(formula = regr[[14]] ~ dat[, 1] + dat[, 2] + dat[, 3])
##
## Residuals:
## Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
## -8.4394 -1.6916 -0.5028 1.0860 16.2534
##
## Coefficients:
## Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
## (Intercept) 5.0904 0.2531 20.112 <2e-16 ***
## dat[, 1] 3.3447 0.3443 9.715 <2e-16 ***
## dat[, 2] 0.6351 0.3127 2.031 0.0443 *
## dat[, 3] 0.3905 0.3147 1.241 0.2169
## ---
## Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
##
## Residual standard error: 2.897 on 127 degrees of freedom
## Multiple R-squared: 0.6106, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6014
## F-statistic: 66.39 on 3 and 127 DF, p-value: < 2.2e-16
##
## 1 2 3
## 55 32 44
## [1] 177.3648
Clustered census track